NEET UG – Physics Practice Paper – Thermodynamics (Part 5)
NEET UG – Physics Practice Paper – Thermodynamics (Part 5) Total Questions: 30 | +4 Marks for Correct Answer | No Negative Marking 1. SI unit of temperature is: Kelvin Celsius Fahrenheit Joule 2. Absolute zero temperature is: 0 K -273°C Both None 3. Heat flows from: High to low temperature Low to high Both None 4. SI unit of heat is: Joule Calorie Watt Kelvin 5. Specific heat capacity unit is: J/kg·K J/K J/kg K 6. First law of thermodynamics is: Q = ΔU + W Q = W – ΔU Q = ΔU Q = W 7. Internal energy depends on: Temperature Volume Pressure None 8. Work done in isothermal process is: Non-zero Zero Infinite Constant 9. In isochoric process: Volume constant Pressure constant Temperature constant None 10. In isobaric process: Pressure constant Volume constant Temperature constant None 11. Efficiency of heat engine is: W/Q₁ Q₁/W Q₂/W None 12. Carnot engine efficiency depends on: Temperature Pressure Volume None 13. Ideal gas equation: PV = nRT PV = RT P = nRT V = nRT 14. SI unit of pressure: Pascal Joule Watt Newton 15. Heat capacity is: Q/ΔT ΔT/Q Q×T None 16. Second law of thermodynamics states: Heat cannot flow from cold to hot without work Energy conserved Work done is zero None 17. Entropy unit: J/K J K W 18. Adiabatic process means: No heat exchange Heat exchange Temperature constant Pressure constant 19. Work done in isochoric process: Zero Maximum Minimum Infinite 20. Work done in isobaric process: PΔV VΔP PV None 21. Ideal gas molecules have: No interaction Strong interaction Weak interaction None 22. RMS speed depends on: Temperature Pressure Volume None 23. Temperature is measure of: Average kinetic energy Potential energy Pressure Volume 24. Heat engine converts: Heat to work Work to heat Heat to temperature None 25. Refrigerator works on: Reverse heat engine Heat engine Generator None 26. COP of refrigerator is: Q₂/W W/Q₁ Q₁/W None 27. Boyle’s law states: P ∝ 1/V V ∝ T P ∝ T None 28. Charles law: V ∝ T P ∝ T P ∝ V None 29. Avogadro law: V ∝ n P ∝ n T ∝ n None 30. SI unit of gas constant R is: J/mol·K J/K J/mol K/mol Submit Answers Detailed Notes for NEET UG Physics Practice Paper (Thermodynamics – Part 5) Thermodynamics is one of the most concept-driven and scoring sections in NEET Physics. The questions in this practice paper focus on building a strong foundation in thermal physics, including temperature, heat transfer, laws of thermodynamics, gas laws, and heat engines. Understanding these concepts deeply is essential because thermodynamics is not just about formulas—it is about interpreting physical processes and energy transformations. Temperature and Its Measurement Temperature is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and is measured in Kelvin (K) in the SI system. The Kelvin scale is an absolute scale, meaning it starts from absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature. Absolute zero is: At this temperature, the molecular motion is minimum. In NEET, students must understand the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin:T(K)=T(∘C)+273T(K) = T(^\circ C) + 273T(K)=T(∘C)+273 This conversion is frequently used in numerical problems. Heat and Heat Transfer Heat is a form of energy transfer that occurs due to a temperature difference. Its SI unit is Joule (J). A key principle tested in the quiz is: There are three modes of heat transfer: Although not directly asked in basic MCQs, these concepts are important for conceptual clarity. Specific Heat Capacity Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 Kelvin.c=QmΔTc = \frac{Q}{m\Delta T}c=mΔTQ Its unit is:J/kg⋅KJ/kg·KJ/kg⋅K This concept is important in problems involving heat exchange and calorimetry. First Law of Thermodynamics The first law is a statement of energy conservation:Q=ΔU+WQ = \Delta U + WQ=ΔU+W Where: This law connects heat, work, and internal energy, forming the backbone of thermodynamics. Internal Energy Internal energy refers to the total energy contained within a system due to molecular motion and interactions. For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on temperature, not on pressure or volume. This concept is crucial because it simplifies many thermodynamic calculations. Thermodynamic Processes The quiz includes questions on different thermodynamic processes, each with unique characteristics: 1. Isothermal Process (Temperature Constant) 2. Isochoric Process (Volume Constant) 3. Isobaric Process (Pressure Constant) 4. Adiabatic Process Understanding these processes is essential for solving NEET problems involving PV diagrams and heat calculations. Second Law of Thermodynamics The second law introduces the concept of direction of processes. One common statement is: This law explains why certain processes are irreversible and introduces the concept of entropy. Entropy Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system. Its unit is:J/KJ/KJ/K In natural processes, entropy tends to increase. This concept is important for understanding the efficiency of heat engines and the direction of thermodynamic processes. Heat Engines and Efficiency A heat engine converts heat energy into mechanical work. The efficiency of a heat engine is given by:η=WQ1\eta = \frac{W}{Q_1}η=Q1W Where: Efficiency is always less than 100% due to energy losses. Carnot Engine The Carnot engine is an ideal heat engine with maximum efficiency. Its efficiency depends only on the temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs:η=1−T2T1\eta = 1 – \frac{T_2}{T_1}η=1−T1T2 This shows that efficiency increases with a greater temperature difference. Refrigerators and Coefficient of Performance (COP) A refrigerator works as a reverse heat engine, transferring heat from a cold region to a hot region. The coefficient of performance (COP) is:COP=Q2WCOP = \frac{Q_2}{W}COP=WQ2 Where: Understanding COP is important for practical applications. Ideal Gas Equation The ideal gas equation is one of the most important equations in thermodynamics:PV=nRTPV = nRTPV=nRT Where: This equation combines all gas laws into a single relation. Gas Laws The quiz includes three fundamental gas laws: Boyle’s Law P∝1VP \propto \frac{1}{V}P∝V1 (At constant temperature) Charles’s Law V∝TV \propto TV∝T (At constant pressure) Avogadro’s Law V∝nV \propto nV∝n These laws are frequently used in NEET numerical problems. Kinetic Theory of




